Philippines 2025 Midterm Elections: A Comprehensive Overview
The recently concluded 2025 Philippine midterm elections were among the most contentious in the nation's history, characterized by violence, technical difficulties, and a high-stakes political showdown between President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. and Vice President Sara Duterte.
Violence and Security Concerns in Mindanao
Despite the Philippine National Police's assertion that the elections were "generally peaceful," several violent incidents marred the voting process, particularly in Mindanao. In Lanao del Sur, a candidate for a municipal council seat and his companion were killed in a gun attack on election day. Additionally, in Silay City, Negros Occidental, a shooting incident resulted in two deaths and five injuries.
Observers also reported a surge in killings and voter intimidation across the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, highlighting the persistent challenges of ensuring safe and fair elections in conflict-prone areas.
Technical Glitches and Voting Irregularities
The elections were plagued by technical issues, including malfunctioning vote-counting machines (VCMs), reports of overvoting, and discrepancies between voters' choices and the printed receipts. According to the Commission on Elections (COMELEC), 311 out of 16,000 VCMs had to be replaced due to overheating and other malfunctions.
Election watchdogs like Kontra Daya and Vote Report PH received over 1,300 reports of glitches, with 693 pertaining to machine errors. These issues led to long queues, voter frustration, and concerns about the integrity of the electoral process.
Political Rivalries and Power Struggles
The midterms served as a battleground between the Marcos and Duterte factions. President Marcos Jr. and Vice President Sara Duterte, once allies, backed opposing Senate slates, with the outcome poised to influence the balance of power in the Senate and the future of Duterte's political career amid her impending impeachment trial.
In a surprising turn, former President Rodrigo Duterte, currently detained at The Hague on charges related to his controversial "war on drugs," won the mayoral race in Davao City by a landslide, demonstrating his enduring influence in his hometown.
Live Counts and Election Results
Partial and unofficial results indicate that candidates aligned with both Marcos and Duterte secured seats in the Senate, reflecting a divided electorate. Notably, Bong Go, a close ally of Duterte, led the early count, while opposition figures like Bam Aquino and Kiko Pangilinan also made significant gains.
The Parish Pastoral Council for Responsible Voting (PPCRV) reported that it had no access to over 34% of votes transmitted nationwide, raising concerns about transparency and the completeness of the vote count.
The Best and Worst of the 2025 Elections
Best:
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High Voter Turnout: Despite challenges, voter turnout remained robust, reflecting the public's engagement in the democratic process.
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Peaceful Areas: Many regions conducted elections without incident, showcasing effective local governance and security measures.
Worst:
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Election-Related Violence: The recurrence of violence, particularly in Mindanao, underscored ongoing security issues that need to be addressed.
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Technical Failures: Widespread VCM malfunctions and other technical problems highlighted the need for improved electoral infrastructure.
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Political Polarization: The intense rivalry between major political factions contributed to a highly charged and divisive electoral atmosphere.
The 2025 Philippine midterm elections highlighted both the resilience of the country's democratic institutions and the challenges that persist in ensuring free, fair, and peaceful elections. Addressing issues such as electoral violence, technical deficiencies, and political polarization will be crucial in strengthening the nation's democratic processes ahead of future elections.
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